Abstract: Background: This study investigates tuberculosis (TB) screening among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Nyarugenge District, Rwanda—a region facing high rates of TB-HIV co-infection. Although timely TB screening is essential for early diagnosis and treatment, its uptake among PLHIV remains low due to barriers such as limited knowledge, stigma, and healthcare access challenges. The study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of PLHIV regarding TB screening to identify factors influencing screening behavior and inform targeted public health interventions.
Materials and Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, researchers surveyed 423 PLHIV using structured questionnaires that captured socio-demographic data, knowledge of TB, attitudes toward screening, and actual screening practices. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression to explore associations between KAP variables and screening behavior.
Results: Findings revealed that only 28.1% of participants demonstrated good TB screening practices. Several factors were significantly associated with higher screening uptake. Older adults (ages 51–60) were much more likely to undergo screening compared to younger individuals. Educational attainment also influenced practices, with those having primary or secondary education showing better screening behaviors than those with no formal education. Additionally, the duration of HIV diagnosis was a significant factor—particularly among those with congenital HIV. Knowledge and attitudes emerged as critical behavioral predictors. Participants with positive or neutral attitudes toward TB screening were more likely to get screened compared to those with negative attitudes.
Conclusion: The study concludes that TB screening among PLHIV is suboptimal and influenced by a combination of demographic and psychosocial factors.
To address these gaps, the study recommends targeted interventions focusing on education, attitude change, and healthcare system improvements. Enhancing awareness, reducing stigma, and integrating TB and HIV care services more effectively could significantly improve screening uptake and health outcomes in resource-limited settings like Rwanda.
Keywords: KAP, People, HIV, Tuberculosis Screening, Nyarugenge District.
Title: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of People Living with HIV Regarding Tuberculosis Screening in Nyarugenge District, Rwanda
Author: Ms. Leonie Niyonsaba, Dr. Habimana Amos
International Journal of Healthcare Sciences
ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)
Vol. 13, Issue 1, April 2025 - September 2025
Page No: 171-187
Research Publish Journals
Website: www.researchpublish.com
Published Date: 10-June-2025
