Abstract: As data breaches and unauthorized modifications of transactional records continue to threaten data integrity, blockchain technology has emerged as a promising solution to reinforce trust in relational database systems. This review paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of blockchain-integrated logging mechanisms aimed at ensuring data integrity, traceability, and auditability in relational database transactions. By examining hybrid architectures that combine blockchain's immutability with conventional relational database features, the study explores how decentralized ledgers can secure logs against tampering, ensure verifiable audit trails, and enhance accountability in mission-critical applications. Various models such as append-only blockchains, smart contract-based verifications, and off-chain/on-chain synchronization strategies are analyzed for their performance, scalability, and compliance capabilities. Additionally, the paper reviews existing frameworks, deployment challenges, and performance trade-offs, offering insights into their applicability across sectors including finance, healthcare, and government data systems. The findings highlight the transformative potential of blockchain-based logging while outlining limitations and future directions for practical integration in real-world database environments.
Keywords: Blockchain Logging, Data Integrity, Auditability, Relational Databases, Tamper-Proof Logs.
Title: An In-Depth Review of Blockchain-Integrated Logging Mechanisms for Ensuring Integrity and Auditability in Relational Database Transactions
Author: Onuh Matthew Ijiga, Semirat Abidemi Balogun, Nonso Okika, Ogboji James Agbo, Lawrence Anebi Enyejo
International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research
ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)
Vol. 13, Issue 3, July 2025 - September 2025
Page No: 69-87
Research Publish Journals
Website: www.researchpublish.com
Published Date: 08-July-2025
