Vol 13 Issue 2 April 2025-June 2025

Abstract: Access to clean and safe water remains a major public health challenge globally, regionally, and locally, particularly in Nyarugenge District, Rwanda. Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting (RRWH) offers a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to supplement the water supply, yet its adoption remains limited. In Kigali, only 4.5% of households utilize a complete RRWH system, and there is limited documentation on its uptake in Nyarugenge. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of RRWH among community households in Nyarugenge District and examine how knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) influence its adoption. A mixed-methods approach was employed, using both quantitative and qualitative data within a descriptive cross-sectional design. Stratified purposive sampling targeted households with RRWH systems in Kimisagara and Kigali sectors. Data were analyzed using SPSS, with findings presented through descriptive and inferential statistics, including graphs and charts. The results showed that 67.1% of RRWH users were male and 32.9% female. Most households (91.0%) still rely on piped water, with only 5.4% using rainwater for domestic consumption. Among those with RRWH systems, 38.5% used containers with a capacity between 501 and 1000 liters. The overall uptake of RRWH in the community was 49.9%. KAP showed statistically significant influence on adoption, with a p-value of 0.0123 at a 95% confidence interval. This study highlights the need for increased awareness, technical support, and incentives to promote RRWH as a complementary water source in urban settings.

Keywords: Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting, community household, Access, clean, safe, replenish.

Title: Prevalence of rooftop rainwater harvesting to Replenish Accessibility of Clean and Safe Water among Community Households of Nyarugenge District, Rwanda

Author: NIYOMUGENGA ISRAEL, Maurice B. Silali

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2025 - June 2025

Page No: 92-99

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 30-June-2025

Abstract: Background: Postoperative antibiotics are still a contentious topic in clean pediatric surgery, especially when it comes to routine hernioplasty for infants with indirect inguinal hernias.

Goal: To determine whether postoperative antibiotics are necessary and effective in lowering complications in infants who have had hernioplasty.

Techniques: At one tertiary facility, 552 infants with indirect inguinal hernias received elective hernioplasty procedures. Two equal groups of participants were formed. After surgery, Group A (n = 276) was given oral amoxicillin syrup for five days. Following surgery, Group B (n = 276) was not given any antibiotics. Over the course of a three-month follow-up, both groups were observed for indications of local swelling at the surgical site, recurrence, or wound infection.

Findings: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of local swelling (3.2% in Group A, 3.6% in Group B), recurrence (0.4% in both groups), or postoperative wound infection (1.4% in Group A and 1.1% in Group B). Every issue was minor and handled carefully.

Conclusion: The rate of surgical complications is not considerably impacted by the routine postoperative administration of antibiotics in infants undergoing clean elective hernioplasty. Without endangering patient safety, prudent antibiotic avoidance can help reduce needless drug exposure and fend off antimicrobial resistance.

Keywords: pediatric surgery, Amoxicillin, postoperative antibiotics, infant hernioplasty, indirect inguinal hernia, and surgical site infection.

Title: Importance of Antibiotic Use Post-Hernioplasty in Infants with Indirect Inguinal Hernia: A Comparative Study

Author: Haidar Mohammad Muhssein, Hayder Nadhim Obaid Algabri, Zinah Khudair Abbas

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2025 - June 2025

Page No: 87-91

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 25-June-2025

Abstract: The purpose of the study was to assess the assess the contribution of innovative technology on the sustainable service at Marriott hotel. Marriott Kigali faces challenges in the consistent and effective implementation of innovative technology, limiting its ability to deliver high-quality, personalized guest services. Despite adopting technologies like mobile applications, automated check-in systems, and guest preference data tools, Marriott Kigali has encountered issues such as inadequate staff training, inconsistency in technological usage, and underutilization of available tools. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: To identify innovative technologies implemented by Kigali Marriott hotel; to determine the contribution of innovative technology on the sustainable service at Kigali Marriott hotel; to assess the challenges facing innovative technology and sustainability of service at Kigali Marriott hotel and to establish the measures that mitigate the challenges facing innovative technology and sustainability of service at Kigali Marriott hotel. The findings of this research contribute to the existing body of knowledge in hospitality management and offer practical recommendations for improving service sustainability in the evolving landscape of luxury accommodations. Furthermore, the researcher will get more benefits including the improvement of the research experience, and awareness of the innovation and technology adoption for sustainable service. In literature review various researchers confirmed that influence of innovative technology on the sustainable service at Marriott hotel. This study adopted descriptive research design to get results related to the study, the target population is 242 while sample size was 151. Research applied purposive sampling. The source of data was primary and secondary methods. Questionnaires was used to collect primary data and documentary review applied for collecting secondary data. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis with use of frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics by the use of Pearson correlation (r) and multiple linear regression analysis. The presentation of findings was done using tables. The research found that for innovative technologies implemented by Kigali Marriott hotel, 37.8% of respondents strongly agreed and 60% agreed that Kigali Marriott hotel innovates room facilities and amenities to maintain sustainable service. Furthermore, contribution of innovative technology on the sustainable service at Kigali Marriott hotel, 36% strongly agreed and 48.9% agreed that innovative technology maintains customer satisfaction. For the challenges facing Marriott in implementation innovative technology and sustainability of services in Kigali Marriott hotel, the findings revealed that high cost of technological upgrades at 23.6% strongly agreed and 31.1% agreed the statement. Finally, the measures that mitigate the challenges facing innovative technology and sustainability of service at Kigali Marriott hotel., 46.6% strongly agreed and 49.6% agreed that provision of comprehensive staff training. The study conclude d that innovative technology contributes significantly to the sustainable service in hotel sector. In recommendation, hotel should allocate sufficient budgets for technological upgrades to enhance service efficiency and sustainability.

Keywords: Innovative Technology, Sustainable Services, Kigali Marriott Hotel.

Title: The Contribution of Innovative Technology on Sustainable Services in Kigali Marriott Hotel

Author: Mr. Twagira Didier, Dr. WANYERA Francis

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2025 - June 2025

Page No: 71-86

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 11-June-2025

Abstract: This research explores the significance of accurately measuring protein and carbohydrate intake alongside consistent physical activity and quality sleep for effective fat reduction and muscle development. Numerous scientific studies underline the correlation between macronutrient distribution and body composition improvements. By tracking nutrient intake relative to workout intensity, individuals can strategically maximize lean muscle gain while minimizing fat accumulation. This paper presents the physiological rationale, data-supported evidence, and practical applications of combining nutritional monitoring with fitness routines. The synergistic effect of meal timing, exercise type, and recovery habits is also analyzed to offer a comprehensive model for sustainable health outcomes.

Keywords: Rotein intake, Carbohydrate measurement, Fat loss, Muscle gain, Macronutrient tracking, Daily workouts, Body composition, Fitness nutrition, Sleep and recovery, Healthy habits

Title: The Impact of Macronutrient Tracking Combined with Daily Workouts on Fat Reduction and Muscle Gain

Author: Farwa Batool Zaidi, Syed Abbas Zaidi

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2025 - June 2025

Page No: 66-70

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Published Date: 01-June-2025

Abstract: Due to the limited capacity of landfills, cellulosic waste is one of the main components of municipal solid waste has become a serious disposal issue in both developed and developing nations. The task of managing solid waste is crucial and difficult. Newspaper, tissue paper, cardboard, wood powder, and dry leaves, which are cellulosic waste, are becoming a more appealing choice for the generation of bioethanol due to its diminished feedstock costs, increased potential for substituting fossil fuels, and decreased releases of greenhouse gases. The study framework followed three steps which included the isolation of cellulose-degrading microorganisms, acid (1% H₂SO₄), and/or enzymatic hydrolysis of substrates followed by fermentation by yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The highest cellulase enzyme activity of isolate BY7 was 2.004±0.03 U/mL. The optimized condition for acid pretreatment was 1% H₂SO₄ at 121 °C for 30 minutes heating period. The bacterial isolate (BY7) was used for the enzymatic hydrolysis which helps to convert the cellulose into fermentable sugars. The acid and enzymatic hydrolysates were analyzed by the DNS method. The highest yield of sugars from acid and enzymatic hydrolysis was about 11.8 ± 0.01 g/L and 15.44 ± 0.04 g/L respectively from dry leaves. The fermentable sugars were fermented to produce bioethanol using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and yield was estimated using the Dichromate method.

Keywords:  Cellulosic waste; Enzyme activity; Acid and enzymatic pretreatments; Hydrolysates; Fermentation.

Title: Bioethanol production from cellulolytic wastes: A comparative study on acid and enzymatic hydrolysis pretreatments for enhanced saccharification and fermentation

Author: Jainish Panchal, Khatik Tulasa, Yesha Master, Shivani Monya, Smita Parekh

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2025 - June 2025

Page No: 55-65

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Published Date: 25-April-2025

Abstract: Forested wetlands in Fundong Subdivision, Northwest Region of Cameroon, are under increasing threat from anthropogenic activities. This study investigated the main human-induced drivers of biodiversity loss in the forested wetlands. It was conducted in two areas with varying levels of anthropogenic disturbance: Fujua, a highly disturbed area, and Ijim, a less disturbed area of forested wetlands in Fundong. Data were collected through key informant interviews and field observations in March 2024. Results revealed that farming, logging, and cattle grazing are economic activities driving biodiversity loss in forested wetlands of Fundong. Farming is favoured a high human population that is attracted by fertile soils and favourable climatic conditions. Logging has led to destruction of habitats and loss of plant and animal species. Loss of biodiversity through cattle grazing is related to compaction of soil and burning of vegetation for pasture regeneration. Other contributing factors include proximity human settlements to wetlands, weak enforcement of conservation laws, and population growth. The study concludes that unchecked human activities are accelerating biodiversity loss in Fundong’s forested wetlands. Effective conservation will require strengthened institutional frameworks, enhanced law enforcement, and community-based management systems. Policy interventions should prioritize environmental education, alternative livelihoods, and the promotion of sustainable land-use practices. Protecting the ecological integrity of forested wetlands in Fundong is crucial not only for biodiversity conservation but also for sustaining the livelihoods of riparian communities. Collaborative action between local authorities, traditional institutions, and stakeholders is essential to reversing current biodiversity trends.

Keywords: anthropogenic drivers, biodiversity loss, environmental degradation, forested wetlands, Fundong Subdivision.

Title: Anthropogenic drivers of biodiversity loss in forested wetlands of Fundong Subdivision, Northwest region, Cameroon

Author: Georgette Oyang Ekanya, Nyong Princely Awazi, Titus Fondo Ambebe

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2025 - June 2025

Page No: 48-54

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 25-April-2025

Abstract: Gold mining activities can lead to the accumulation of naturally occurring radionuclides in water sources, posing potential health risks to local communities. This study assesses the activity concentrations of radionuclides (²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K) in 23 water samples collected from gold mining pits in Itagunmodi and Iperindo, Osun State, Nigeria. Using gamma-ray spectrometry, the measured activity concentrations were compared to global safety standards. The estimated annual effective dose for adult miners was also calculated to evaluate potential radiological health risks and ranged from 0.33 to 17.49 mSv/y. Results revealed varying concentrations of radionuclides, with some exceeding the recommended limits set by international regulatory bodies. The findings highlight the need for continuous monitoring and mitigation strategies to minimize radiation exposure from mining-related water sources.

Keywords: Radionuclides, Gold Mining, Water Contamination, Annual Effective Dose, Osun State, Gamma Spectrometry.

Title: Assessment of Activity Concentrations of Radionuclides (²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K) and Annual Effective Doses in Water from Gold Mining Pits, Osun State, Nigeria

Author: Kugbere Emumejaye, Isi, Pretty Oyibo, Amidu O. Mustapha, Adewole M. Gbadebo, Victor Mankinde

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2025 - June 2025

Page No: 41-47

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 23-April-2025

Abstracts: This study was carried out to evaluate the proximate, mineral, and anti-nutritional composition of selected leafy green vegetables consumed in Nigeria, namely, Amaranthus hybridus, Talinum triagulare, Telfairia occidentalis, Corchorus olitorius, Vernonia amygdalina and Basella alba. The vegetables were analyzed using standard methods. Results of the proximate composition of the vegetables show that the moisture content ranged from 75.29% to 81.03%, protein from 3.56% to 6.20%, crude fiber from 2.25% to 5.86%, crude fat from 1.76% to 4.84%, ash content from 2.54% to 3.83% and carbohydrate from 6.40% to 10.25%. The mineral content, namely, calcium ranged from 28.45mg/100g to 43.40mg/100g, magnesium from 188.56mg/100g to 340.10mg/100g, potassium from 52.25mg/100g to 274.10mg/100g, sodium from 22.48mg/100g to 52.25mg/100g, iron from14.22 mg/100g to36.23mg/100g and phosphorus from 16.70mg/100g to 38.40 mg/100g. For the anti-nutrient contents of the vegetables, phytate ranged from 0.45mg/100g to 6.55 mg/100g, tannin from 0.46 mg/100g to 0.81 mg/100g, saponin from 1.84 mg/100g to 2.76 mg/100g and oxalate from 0.53 mg/100g to 1.72 mg/100g. Results obtained from these work show that the analyzed vegetables contain reasonable amount of nutrients required for normal growth and development of the body. The anti-nutritional contents of the vegetables are low, hence they do not pose a threat. These vegetables are good and can contribute qualitatively to the nutritional need of the Nigerian population.

Keywords: Leafy green vegetables, Proximate, Anti-nutrient, Phytochemical, Mineral and Vitamin.

Title: Evaluation of the Nutritional and Anti-Nutritional Composition of Selected Green Leafy Vegetables Consumed in Ekiti State, Nigeria

Author: Obembe, Olusola Michael, Dada Comfort Ajeigbe, Adanikin, Bamidele Abiodun

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2025 - June 2025

Page No: 32-40

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 19-April-2025

Abstract: The impact of logotherapy intervention on student’s perceived academic performance and stress levels was investigated using quantitative methodology, among students in Texas, ages 18 to 60 with particular attention to subgroups facing unique challenges, including work-study and single-parenthood. A total of (N = 200) participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n = 100) receiving logotherapy-based support or a control group (n = 100) receiving no intervention for three, five-weeks sessions from December 2024 to March 2025. Academic performance was measured using self-reported GPA, while stress levels were evaluated using a Modified Preferred Stress Scale (PSS – 10) before and after the intervention. The results demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in academic performance for the intervention group (M = 3.5, SD = 0.4) compared to the control group (M = 2.8, SD = 0.5), [t(198) = 8.52, p < 0.001], with a large effect size (Cohen’s d = 1.54). Similarly, stress levels were significantly lower among students who received the intervention (M = 4.2, SD = 1.3) than those who did not (M = 7.8, SD = 1.6), [t(198) = -13.21, p < 0.001], with a large effect (Cohen’s d = 1.86). Two-way ANOVA analyses further revealed that work-study and single-parent students experienced amplified benefits, with significant interaction effects indicating that the intervention was especially effective for these subgroups. These findings suggested that logotherapy not only enhances academic outcomes but also provides critical emotional resilience, particularly for students managing complex life responsibilities. The study supports the integration of logotherapy-based interventions into academic support services to improve educational persistence and psychological well-being among diverse student populations.

Keywords: Logotherapy, Academic Performance, Stress levels, Meaning-Centered Motivation.

Title: The Impact of Logotherapy on Students’ Perceived Academic Performance and Stress Levels

Author: Dr. David Augustine Bull

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2025 - June 2025

Page No: 11-31

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 14-April-2025

Abstract: Background: Growing evidence suggests the involvement of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in lipid metabolism and cardiovascular homeostasis. Genetic variations in ACE2 have been linked to metabolic disorders, including dyslipidemia, which is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the association of ACE2 polymorphisms and dyslipidemia in T2DM patients, particularly in Iraqi populations, remains underexplored. 

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the association of ACE2 gene polymorphisms (rs2285666 and rs4646142) with dyslipidemia in Iraqi patients with T2DM, stratified by sex. 

Methods: A case-control study was conducted involving 463 T2DM patients (222 women and 241 men). Based on serum lipid profiles, participants were stratified into dyslipidemic (cases) and non-dyslipidemic (control) groups. Genotyping of ACE2 polymorphisms was performed using PCR-based methods, and serum ACE2 levels were quantified using ELISA.

Results: The AA genotype of rs2285666 SNP was significantly associated with dyslipidemia in women (OR = 3.19, 95% CI = 1.31–7.78, p = 0.01), while the A allele was associated with dyslipidemia in men (OR = 2.36, 95% CI = 1.27–4.39, p = 0.006). High ACE2 levels, elevated atherogenic indices, and adverse lipid profiles were observed in carriers of the A allele. No significant association was found for rs4646142 SNP. 

Conclusion: The rs2285666 SNP was associated with dyslipidemia in Iraqi T2DM patients, with sex-specific differences in risk. The ACE2 variants may contribute to dyslipidemia pathogenesis in T2DM and highlight the potential for personalized risk stratification and therapeutic targets.

Keywords: ACE2, rs2285666, rs4646142, Dyslipidemia, T2DM, Association.

Title: Association of ACE2 Gene Polymorphisms (rs2285666 and rs4646142) with Dyslipidemia in Iraqi Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus A Sex-Stratified Analysis

Author: Ali B. Abulrazzaq, Ibrahim Rahem Jassim Al-Aadily, Maha Radhi Abass, Majid Kadhum Hussain

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2025 - June 2025

Page No: 1-10

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 04-April-2025