Vol 13 Issue 3 July 2025-September 2025

Abstract: Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) have undergone significant advancements over the past two decades, evolving from simple solutions to reduce latency into a fundamental infrastructure supporting most online services today. With the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), cloud computing, and fifth-generation (5G) technology, CDNs have become more intelligent, efficient, and secure. This paper explores the history, architecture, and protocols of CDNs, along with recent developments that are shaping the future of content delivery Content Delivery Networks (CDNs)

Keywords: Content Delivery Networks, CDN, Internet Performance, CDN Protocols Latency, Bandwidth, Digital Content, Internet Cache Protocol.

Title: Content Delivery Networks (CDN)

Author: ABDULREDHA A.M. BAQER

International Journal of Engineering Research and Reviews

ISSN 2348-697X (Online)

Vol. 13, Issue 3, July 2025 - September 2025

Page No: 14-17

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 23-September-2025

Abstract: Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) have become a cornerstone of modern internet infrastructure, addressing the challenges of latency, bandwidth, and reliability. This paper explores the architecture, protocols, and performance benefits of CDNs, highlighting their role in improving user experience and ensuring the efficient delivery of digital content. We also discuss the security measures inherent in CDNs and their future prospects in the evolving digital landscape.

Keywords: Content Delivery Networks, CDN, Internet Performance, Latency, Bandwidth, Security, Digital Content.

Title: Enhancing Internet Performance: An In-Depth Analysis of Content Delivery Networks

Author: ABDULREDHA A.M. BAQER

International Journal of Engineering Research and Reviews

ISSN 2348-697X (Online)

Vol. 13, Issue 3, July 2025 - September 2025

Page No: 11-13

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 15-September-2025

Abstract: This article explores the unique challenges faced in brownfield project execution, where scope modifications, contractor performance, and rework often intersect to impact overall project delivery. It highlights, the complexity of changes in existing operational environments and their implications for project schedule, and safety, and the role of contractor performance monitoring and how proactive oversight contributes to mitigating risks associated with delayed deliverables and quality issues. The article concludes with recommended best practices and lessons learned, providing project professionals with actionable insights to enhance efficiency, reduce rework, and drive successful outcomes in brownfield environments by effective leadership. This article will add value to your readership, as it addresses real world project management challenges.

Keywords: brownfield project execution, contractor performance, brownfield environments.

Title: CONTROL BROWNFIELD PROJECT AMONG CHANGES, CONTRACTOR PERFORMANCE AND RE-WORKS  

Author: Moaath AL Thawadi, Zeyad AL Ghamdi

International Journal of Engineering Research and Reviews

ISSN 2348-697X (Online)

Vol. 13, Issue 3, July 2025 - September 2025

Page No: 6-10

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 11-September-2025

Abstract: Urban metro systems rely on flexible catenary systems, yet train stops at overlap sections pose safety risks, as highlighted by the 2022 Shanghai Metro Line 11 accident, where a stalled train caused catenary wire breakage due to kiloampere-level through-currents. This study evaluates five safety technical solutions—section insulator, load switch cabinet, de-energized section insulated overlap, anti-fusing device system, and encapsulated partial insulation—to address such risks. Through comparative analysis of safety performance, implementation complexity, cost, system compatibility, pantograph-catenary interaction, technical maturity, and maintenance, the encapsulated partial insulation solution emerges as optimal. By employing PTFE-modified U-shaped insulation sleeves on non-working contact wire supports, it physically blocks cross-currents without altering existing overlap mechanics or compromising pantograph-catenary dynamics. This approach demonstrates superior safety by eliminating transition zone arcing and overheating, lower implementation costs compared to structural modifications, and high compatibility with existing systems. Its self-lubricating PTFE reduces maintenance demands, aligning with digital monitoring trends. While PTFE’s long-term durability in metro-specific conditions requires validation, its technical maturity in other fields and innovative design position it as a transformative solution for enhancing system reliability, reducing costs, and improving passenger safety. This research provides a critical framework for metro operators and policymakers to adopt optimal safety measures, with future work recommended on accelerated aging tests and pilot deployments to standardize global implementation.

Keywords: Metro flexible catenary systems, Overlap Section, Technical Solutions, PTFE.

Title: Discussion on Technical Solutions for Train Stopping at Overlap Section of Metro Flexible Catenary Systems

Author: Wei Wang, Wenjie Chen, Ziyan Ma, Ruigang Song

International Journal of Engineering Research and Reviews

ISSN 2348-697X (Online)

Vol. 13, Issue 3, July 2025 - September 2025

Page No: 1-5

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 14-August-2025